2025/115: A Thousand Sisters: The Heroic Airwomen of the Soviet Union in World War II — Elizabeth Wein

“Nobody knows the exact day when they started calling us night witches,” said pilot Serafima Amosova. “We were fighting in the Caucasus near the city of Mozdok... We were bombing the German positions almost every night, and none of us was ever shot down, so the Germans began saying these are night witches, because it seemed impossible to kill us or shoot us down.” [loc. 2889]

I love Wein's novels, which are mostly about young women during WW2, so thought I'd try her non-fiction. A Thousand Sisters is an account of female Soviet pilots in the Second World War -- the infamous 'Night Witches' -- who flew fighter planes and were united by the desire to 'liberate their land'. Many of them were teenagers: some were mothers. A third of female pilots did not survive.

Wein gives a good overview of Soviet culture, especially in the military. Between a quarter and a third of all Soviet pilots, by the end of the 1930s, were women: this was because any young person could learn to fly, free of charge. The women pilots seem to have experienced little, if any, sexual harrassment (though plenty of gender discrimination). Unlike American women -- who were not allowed to fly combat missions during WW2 -- the Soviet women pilots received equal pay and were not subject to racial discrimination.

Unlike the novels, Wein doesn't wax poetic on the joys of aviation. Instead, she focusses on the technical difficulties, and the dangers, of aerial combat. She details the various missions and offensives, quoting extensively from the womens' own accounts. (There's a thorough bibliography at the end of the book.) A Thousand Sisters is aimed at a young adult audience, and Wein engages the reader's sympathy and imagination by stressing the youth of the pilots, their camaraderie, and their determination to make a difference. "...change is possible. It can begin with one person. Go out and change the wind." [loc. 3806]

“When weather caused the cancellation of a mission, everyone stayed at the airfield and danced,” said Irina Rakobolskaya. “It would never come into any man’s head to do that, while waiting for permission to fly.” [loc. 1999]